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1. Sample Text 1 — Ocean Conservation

Marine protected areas can rebuild fish stocks and restore biodiversity, but their effectiveness depends critically on whether they are adequately enforced — a challenge in vast and remote ocean areas where patrol resources are…

A. expensive but widely available. B. entirely funded by fishing industries. C. severely limited relative to the area to be protected. D. sufficient to deter most illegal fishing activity.

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2. Sample Text 2 — The Microbiome

The human gut microbiome is shaped primarily by diet, but also by birth method, antibiotic exposure, and environment. Restoring a disrupted microbiome is possible through dietary changes and, in some conditions, through…

A. complete avoidance of all fermented foods. B. faecal microbiota transplants from healthy donors. C. over-the-counter antibiotic treatments. D. high doses of probiotic supplements that cure all conditions.

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