Task reminder: Read all options before the audio starts. Select the paragraph that best summarises the recording. The correct answer matches the main idea and tone, not just one detail.

1. Sample Text 1 — Urbanisation Challenges

A. A. Urbanisation is exclusively a problem for developing nations and does not affect high-income countries.
B. B. Rapid urbanisation brings economic opportunity but requires significant investment in infrastructure, housing, and services to avoid expanding poverty.
C. C. Urban populations are growing only in Asia and Africa and have stabilised in all other regions.
D. D. Smart city technology has already solved the main infrastructure challenges associated with rapid urban growth.

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2. Sample Text 2 — The Philosophy of Free Will

A. A. Neuroscientific evidence has conclusively proven that human beings do not possess free will.
B. B. The debate between determinism and compatibilism about free will has been intensified but not resolved by neuroscientific findings about unconscious brain activity.
C. C. The question of free will is entirely a theological rather than a philosophical or scientific concern.
D. D. Compatibilists and determinists agree that free will is logically impossible in a causally determined universe.

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