The diagram illustrates the process of water purification from source to consumer. The process begins with raw water collected from a river or reservoir, which then passes through a screening stage to remove large debris such as leaves and sticks. Following this, the water enters a sedimentation tank where heavy particles settle to the bottom under gravity. The clarified water is then treated with chlorine and other chemicals to kill bacteria and adjust pH levels. Next, it flows through sand and gravel filtration beds that remove finer impurities. Finally, the treated water is stored in a clean water reservoir before being pumped through underground pipes to homes and businesses. Overall, the purification process involves five key stages and transforms contaminated raw water into safe drinking water.