Task reminder: Read the passage then select all correct answers. Negative marking applies — do not guess randomly. Each correct answer scores +1, each incorrect answer scores −1.

1. Sample Text 1

The Great Barrier Reef, stretching 2,300 kilometres along the Queensland coast of Australia, is the world’s largest coral reef system and one of the most biodiverse marine environments on Earth. It supports over 1,500 species of fish, 4,000 species of molluscs, and provides crucial habitat for endangered species including green sea turtles and dugongs. The reef generates approximately six billion Australian dollars annually in tourism revenue. However, rising ocean temperatures have caused repeated mass bleaching events, and Crown-of-Thorns starfish outbreaks, water pollution from agricultural runoff, and shipping accidents pose additional threats.

Q. According to the passage, which of the following threaten the Great Barrier Reef?

A. Rising ocean temperatures causing bleaching
B. Overfishing of green sea turtles
C. Crown-of-Thorns starfish outbreaks
D. Water pollution from agricultural runoff
E. Reduction in tourism revenue

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2. Sample Text 2

The World Health Organization defines mental health as a state of wellbeing in which individuals realise their potential, cope with normal stresses, work productively, and contribute to their community. Mental health disorders affect one in eight people globally and are among the leading causes of disability worldwide. Common barriers to treatment include stigma, lack of trained mental health professionals, prohibitive costs, and the absence of mental health services in primary care settings. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly worsened population-level mental health, with increases in depression and anxiety widely reported across multiple countries.

Q. Which of the following are identified in the passage as barriers to mental health treatment?

A. Stigma around mental illness
B. Shortage of trained mental health professionals
C. Overdiagnosis of mental health conditions
D. Prohibitive treatment costs
E. Absence of mental health services in primary care

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3. Sample Text 3

Fermentation is one of humanity’s oldest food preservation and transformation techniques, used for thousands of years to produce foods such as bread, cheese, yoghurt, beer, wine, and kimchi. The process involves microorganisms — primarily bacteria, yeasts, and moulds — metabolising sugars in the absence of oxygen to produce acids, gases, or alcohol. Beyond preservation, fermentation develops complex flavours, improves nutritional bioavailability, and in many cases creates probiotics — live microorganisms that benefit gut health. The global market for fermented foods and beverages is enormous and growing, driven by both traditional food cultures and modern health trends.

Q. Which of the following are mentioned in the passage as benefits or outcomes of fermentation?

A. Food preservation
B. Sterilisation of harmful bacteria
C. Development of complex flavours
D. Improved nutritional bioavailability
E. Production of probiotics beneficial to gut health

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