Task reminder: Follow the transcript as the audio plays. Type the missing word in each blank exactly as heard. Spelling must be precise.

1. Sample Audio 1 — Globalisation and Jobs

Globalisation has reshuffled the (1) of work across countries. Manufacturing jobs have (2) from high-income to lower-wage economies, creating new employment (3) while displacing workers in developed nations. Service jobs — particularly in finance, law, and technology — have (4) in wealthy countries. The gains from trade have been (5) across society rather than distributed evenly.

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2. Sample Audio 2 — Urban Heat

Cities are significantly warmer than surrounding rural areas due to the urban heat island effect. Dark (1) and buildings absorb and retain solar heat. The lack of (2) reduces evaporative cooling. This effect can be (3) by planting trees, creating green roofs, and using lighter-coloured (4) on roads and buildings. During heatwaves, the urban heat island effect significantly increases (5) risk, particularly for elderly and vulnerable residents.

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